How is "qualitative research" defined?

Qualitative research is defined as a method that explores complex phenomena using non-numerical data. This approach focuses on understanding the meanings, experiences, and interpretations behind human behavior and social patterns. Unlike quantitative research, which relies on numerical data to quantify variables and establish statistical relationships, qualitative research delves deeper into the context and subjective experiences of individuals or groups.

It often employs methods such as interviews, focus groups, and observations to collect rich, detailed information that provides insights into people's thoughts, feelings, and social contexts. This depth of understanding is crucial for exploring topics where numerical metrics alone may not adequately capture the full complexity of the situation.

By emphasizing non-numerical data, qualitative research allows for a more nuanced exploration of health-related issues, helping researchers and practitioners to identify themes, patterns, and potential interventions rooted in the lived experiences of individuals. This is essential in public health, where understanding the social and environmental determinants of health can inform more effective strategies and programs.